2022 CSAT — Q13

Locate. This asks for the best-supported inference: find the line the keyed option restates. The passage: “If poverty is ultimately about deprivations affecting human well-being, then income poverty is only one aspect of it” — and poverty of a life “lies not merely in the impoverished state… but also in the lack of real opportunity… to choose other types of living.”

Test (find the line, then match it). “Income poverty is only one aspect” = it captures one kind of deprivation (income/purchasing power) and ignores the others (lost opportunity, restricted capabilities). (a) “only one kind of deprivation ignoring all others” says exactly that. Test the rest: (b) claims other deprivations have “nothing to do with purchasing power” — but the passage says the opposite, that those aspects relate to capabilities; (c) and (d) introduce time/permanence, which the passage never discusses.

Eliminate by anatomy. (b) is too strong for what the passage says — it severs other deprivations from income entirely, contradicting the passage’s “relate ultimately.” (c) and (d) are not in the passage — the temporal angle is not in the text. The transferable rule: “only one aspect” → “ignores the others,” not “the others are unrelated.” Key: (a).

“If poverty is ultimately about deprivations affecting human well-being, then income poverty is only one aspect of it.” — income poverty is one deprivation among many; it captures only the income/ purchasing-power aspect and leaves out the rest. (a) “talks of only one kind of deprivation ignoring all others” restates this. (b) overshoots (“nothing to do with purchasing power” — the passage says other aspects relate to capabilities, not that they are unrelated to income); (c)/(d) raise time/permanence, not in the passage → (a).

The passage says income poverty is just one facet of well-being deprivation; a full account must also include lost opportunities and curtailed capabilities.

• (a) captures “only one kind of deprivation, ignoring the rest.” Correct.
• (b) over-claims that other deprivations are unrelated to purchasing power — the passage says they relate to capabilities.
• (c) permanence/time — not in the passage.
• (d) “only at a point of time” — not in the passage.

Answer: (a).

The trap pair is (a) vs (b). Both sound like “income isn’t the whole story,” but (b) overstates it into “other deprivations are unrelated to income” — and the passage explicitly ties those other aspects back to income’s “role in curtailing capabilities.” The measured option (a) — income is one deprivation among others — keeps the passage’s hedge. When two options say a similar thing, pick the one that preserves the passage’s connections rather than the one that severs them. (a).